Blog

Plant hormones, or phytohormones, are critical regulators of plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stimuli. These bioactive compounds, though present in minute quantities, orchestrate a wide array of physiological processes, including seed germination, root and shoot development, flowering, fruit ripening, and senescence. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key plant hormones, including auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, ethylene, brassinosteroids, jasmonates, and salicylic acid. Each hormone’s biosynthesis, signaling mechanisms, and functional roles are discussed, highlighting their contributions to various aspects of plant life. Additionally, the review explores how these hormones interact with each other in complex networks to modulate plant responses to internal and external cues. By delving into the intricate hormonal regulatory systems, this review aims to enhance our understanding of how plants coordinate growth and adapt to changing environments. Insights into these hormonal mechanisms not only advance basic plant science but also offer practical applications in agriculture and horticulture, potentially leading to improved crop management, stress resistance, and yield enhancement.