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Plant roots are integral to nutrient uptake and soil health, profoundly influencing overall plant growth and agricultural productivity. This review delves into the multifaceted interactions between plant roots and soil, emphasizing root structure, function, and the diverse mechanisms of nutrient absorption. Additionally, the review examines how roots contribute to soil health, enhancing soil structure, fostering microbial activity, and increasing organic matter content. By synthesizing current research, the paper underscores the critical importance of understanding root-soil interactions to advance crop management practices and promote sustainable agriculture. The integration of advanced root biology with innovative soil management techniques holds significant potential for enhancing crop yields, soil fertility, and environmental sustainability.