One of the most valuable natural resources is water, which is also essential to a nation’s socioeconomic growth. Still, the most significant supply of surface water comes from rivers. India has an abundance of large, medium, and minor rivers with a combined catchment area of 252.8 million hectares. The biggest river basin in the Indian subcontinent is the Ganga basin. It originates in the state of Uttarakhand and spans more than one-fourth of the nation’s entire land area. About half of her population resides there. Approximately 50% of class 1 and class 2 towns in the nation are located in the Ganga basin, and the majority of these towns dump their municipal garbage into the river system. In and around the Bithoor Area in Kanpur Nagar, U.P., India, microbiological research was conducted on river Ganga pollution, and the level of pollution is being assessed.